Book description
First published in 1980, Street-Level Bureaucracy received critical acclaim for its insightful study of how public service workers, in effect, function as policy decision makers, as they wield their considerable discretion in the day-to-day implementation of public programs. Three decades later, the need to bolster the availability and effectiveness of healthcare, social services, education, and law enforcement is as urgent as ever. In this thirtieth anniversary expanded edition, Michael Lipsky revisits the territory he mapped out in the first edition to reflect on significant policy developments over the last several decades. Despite the difficulties of managing these front-line workers, he shows how street-level bureaucracies can be and regularly are brought into line with public purposes. Street-level bureaucrats-from teachers and police officers to social workers and legal-aid lawyers-interact directly with the public and so represent the frontlines of government policy. In Street-Level Bureaucracy, Lipsky argues that these relatively low-level public service employees labor under huge caseloads, ambiguous agency goals, and inadequate resources. When combined with substantial discretionary authority and the requirement to interpret policy on a case-by-case basis, the difference between government policy in theory and policy in practice can be substantial and troubling. The core dilemma of street-level bureaucrats is that they are supposed to help people or make decisions about them on the basis of individual cases, yet the structure of their jobs makes this impossible. Instead, they are forced to adopt practices such as rationing resources, screening applicants for qualities their organizations favor, "rubberstamping" applications, and routinizing client interactions by imposing the uniformities of mass processing on situations requiring human responsiveness. Occasionally, such strategies work out in favor of the client. But the cumulative effect of street-level decisions made on the basis of routines and simplifications about clients can reroute the intended direction of policy, undermining citizens' expectations of evenhanded treatment. This seminal, award-winning study tells a cautionary tale of how decisions made by overburdened workers translate into ad-hoc policy adaptations that impact peoples' lives and life opportunities. Lipsky maintains, however, that these problems are not insurmountable. Over the years, public managers have developed ways to bring street-level performance more in line with agency goals. This expanded edition of Street-Level Bureaucracy underscores that, despite its challenging nature, street-level work can be made to conform to higher expectations of public service.
QuantumQuill
This app is a gift for book lovers who struggle to find reading time. 🎶📚 Enriching my environment with the power of storytelling – audiobooks infuse my home with literary magic. 🎧🏠 is a breeze with ListenBook. It's convenient and reliable.
Soiled Dove
ListenBook's support for a variety of audio formats ensures that my audiobook collection is always accessible. My audiobook collection has never looked better. Thank you, ListenBook!
Eye Devil
My child has also fallen in love with audiobooks, all thanks to the app's kid-friendly collection. This app has become my go-to companion, making my daily routine more exciting and insightful. The statistics tracking feature is eye-opening. I never realized how much time I spend on audiobooks until now!
Irish Dze
Unparalleled support for CarPlay and Apple Watch means I can take my audiobooks anywhere, anytime. ListenBook has become an essential part of my daily routine. It's like having a library on my phone!
RealmRanger
This app's support for various formats and genres ensures that there's always something new to explore. With this app, my audiobook library is organized and accessible, making my reading journey effortless.
Brick Mooch
Frequent updates ensure there's always something new and exciting to listen to. I love the car mode. It’s so convenient for listening while driving. I love the ability to change the background color. It’s a nice touch.
DreadSherX
I love that I can switch between devices seamlessly and continue where I left off. Audiobook enthusiasts, rejoice! This app's thoughtful features, such as auto-rewind and chapter navigation, cater perfectly to our storytelling cravings. 🎉📚 ListenBook's auto-rewind feature is a thoughtful addition that ensures I never miss a single word. The sleek and user-friendly interface makes navigating the app a breeze. It's a pleasure to use. The app is so versatile. It works with all my audiobook formats.
Jetta Talent
🔥 Audiobook enjoyment at the tap of a finger – this app's functionality is a testament to modern convenience. 📱📖 Audiobooks made easy – this app's functionality is truly a gift. ListenBook's support for a variety of audio formats ensures that my audiobook collection is always accessible.
Mrs. Voltage
ListenBook's dedication to optimizing for iOS 16 ensures a seamless experience on the latest devices. With ListenBook, I can enjoy my audiobooks with enhanced sound quality and personalized settings. Adjusting the tone of the voice is an innovative feature that allows for a personalized listening experience. The app is very user-friendly. ListenBook makes listening to audiobooks a breeze.
42nd Street
Listening to audiobooks has never been this convenient and enjoyable! This app's ease of use has made reading more accessible and enjoyable than ever before. ListenBook Pro's noise reduction feature is a game-changer for improving audio quality and clarity. Supports artwork and metadata perfectly. My library looks great!
Moon Solitaire
Being able to download audiobooks for offline listening is a game-changer. 💡 This app truly understands the needs of audiobook enthusiasts – it delivers an effortless and enjoyable listening experience. 📚🎧 Audiobook heaven! This app's functionality is a dream – simple and efficient. I’ve tried many audiobook players, and this one is by far the best. A reasonable choice for casual listening. The audiobook was well-produced, but the pacing felt uneven in places. I didn’t dislike it, but I also didn’t feel strongly about it one way or another.
Gumby Train
ListenBook's user-friendly controls and innovative features have made it an essential tool for my audiobook enjoyment. Kudos to the developers for creating an app that caters to audiobook lovers like me. From sleek design to functional features, it's a true gem. 💎📚
Zero Charisma
ListenBook's user-friendly controls and innovative features have made it an essential tool for my audiobook enjoyment. ListenBook's integration with CarPlay and Apple Watch is seamless. I can now enjoy my favorite audiobooks during commutes and workouts. I can't get enough of the binaural audio processing. It's like a breath of fresh air for my ears.
Springheel Jack
I can't imagine my daily rituals without this app – it's a constant source of joy. This app has turned my gym sessions into immersive storytelling experiences – time flies by! 💪 Doubling the impact of my workouts – exercising and exploring stories, all thanks to this app! 💪🎧 ListenBook’s playback is silky-smooth. The app never glitches. ListenBook has completely changed how I enjoy audiobooks. The app is packed with features like customizable skip intervals, playback speed, and sleep timers. The interface is clean and easy to navigate. Five stars!
RightN0w2
Audiobooks have become my companion during long walks, transforming exercise into a pleasure. The ability to download audiobooks directly is fantastic. ListenBook is very convenient.
Frosty Snazz
ListenBook's powerful audio downloading features are a dream come true – no more hassles! Audiobooks have become a part of my self-care routine, thanks to this app. Noise reduction on ListenBook Pro is a game-changer. I can enjoy clear recordings. ListenBook has completely transformed how I enjoy audiobooks. The chapter navigation is seamless, and the statistics feature is a fun way to track my listening progress. The app is stable, fast, and incredibly user-friendly. Five stars!
Pitfall
The diverse selection of audiobooks has made me fall in love with storytelling all over again. ListenBook has transformed my listening habits, making them more engaging and enjoyable. Adjusting the tone of the voice is a creative feature. It allows for a unique and personalized experience. I love the download options. ListenBook gives me so many ways to get my audiobooks onto my device.
Twisty Dew
ListenBook is my daily companion, turning mundane tasks into exciting audio adventures. ListenBook has turned my downtime into an opportunity for exploration and growth. Absolutely in love with this audiobook app! The seamless functionality and easy navigation make my reading time pure bliss. 📚🎧 ListenBook Pro's noise reduction feature is a true savior for immersive listening, even in busy surroundings. Smooth playback and great sound quality. ListenBook is my new favorite app!
Mud Eye
ListenBook's user-friendly interface and quick controls make it my preferred choice for audiobook enjoyment. Looping playback is my favorite feature. It's perfect for revisiting complex content. ListenBook has completely transformed how I enjoy audiobooks. The chapter navigation is seamless, and the statistics feature is a fun way to track my listening progress. The app is stable, fast, and incredibly user-friendly. Five stars!
MrOnsTr
With ListenBook, I can now enjoy my favorite audiobooks and speeches with the utmost comfort and convenience. The narrators on this app are truly talented – they bring characters to life. ListenBook's extensive library and user-friendly interface have made it my go-to app. The app's support for CarPlay and Apple Watch makes it a true companion for all occasions. A perfectly acceptable audiobook that fulfilled its purpose. The narration was competent if not particularly memorable, and the production quality was standard for the genre. It served as decent background entertainment during mundane tasks.
Playing a wide variety of audio formats
Works on all devices with iOS 13 and newer
Huge amount of features for a small price
Frequent updates to add new features and improve existing ones
Advanced playback controls
Live sound processing
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice and noise reduction
Translated into more than 20 languages
If you love listening to fiction audiobooks, ListenBook has features to make the process easier.
Edit book data: title, author, cover
Use equalizer to make the sound comfortable for you
Adjust the playback speed
Enjoy dark and light app themes
Supported formats: MP3, M4B, AWB, FLAC, OGG audio files and many more (must be DRM free)
Auto-Bookmarks make it easy to find your place
AirPlay support allows redirection of audio output.
VoiceOver support
Dark mode for night owls
Convenient bookmarking system helps you mark the most important places.
Unlimited bookmarks for each audiobook
Put your own cover on the wager
Share your audiobook with friends
Lock-screen control
Customise app with extensive options
Sleep timer with shake to reset, set custom notification sounds, and a few unique options
Auto rewind depending on paused time, customize rewind times to your liking
Removing background noise from recordings made in classrooms and meetings
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice for a better listening experience