Book description
First published in 1980, Street-Level Bureaucracy received critical acclaim for its insightful study of how public service workers, in effect, function as policy decision makers, as they wield their considerable discretion in the day-to-day implementation of public programs. Three decades later, the need to bolster the availability and effectiveness of healthcare, social services, education, and law enforcement is as urgent as ever. In this thirtieth anniversary expanded edition, Michael Lipsky revisits the territory he mapped out in the first edition to reflect on significant policy developments over the last several decades. Despite the difficulties of managing these front-line workers, he shows how street-level bureaucracies can be and regularly are brought into line with public purposes. Street-level bureaucrats-from teachers and police officers to social workers and legal-aid lawyers-interact directly with the public and so represent the frontlines of government policy. In Street-Level Bureaucracy, Lipsky argues that these relatively low-level public service employees labor under huge caseloads, ambiguous agency goals, and inadequate resources. When combined with substantial discretionary authority and the requirement to interpret policy on a case-by-case basis, the difference between government policy in theory and policy in practice can be substantial and troubling. The core dilemma of street-level bureaucrats is that they are supposed to help people or make decisions about them on the basis of individual cases, yet the structure of their jobs makes this impossible. Instead, they are forced to adopt practices such as rationing resources, screening applicants for qualities their organizations favor, "rubberstamping" applications, and routinizing client interactions by imposing the uniformities of mass processing on situations requiring human responsiveness. Occasionally, such strategies work out in favor of the client. But the cumulative effect of street-level decisions made on the basis of routines and simplifications about clients can reroute the intended direction of policy, undermining citizens' expectations of evenhanded treatment. This seminal, award-winning study tells a cautionary tale of how decisions made by overburdened workers translate into ad-hoc policy adaptations that impact peoples' lives and life opportunities. Lipsky maintains, however, that these problems are not insurmountable. Over the years, public managers have developed ways to bring street-level performance more in line with agency goals. This expanded edition of Street-Level Bureaucracy underscores that, despite its challenging nature, street-level work can be made to conform to higher expectations of public service.
Dr. Jam Man
The sleep timer is a brilliant addition – I drift off to sleep with amazing stories. 📱 Carrying my favorite stories with me wherever I go – this app is like a portable library in my pocket. 📚👜 Automated artwork and metadata extraction add a professional touch to my audiobook collection.
Skittle Mine
This app's customizable features, like playback speed and bookmarks, have transformed my experience. The app is well-designed and user-friendly. ListenBook makes listening to audiobooks a joy.
Disco Thunder
The app's customization options allow me to tailor the listening experience to my liking. Listening statistics are a great motivator. Love this feature! I've found my new favorite narrator! Their voice was perfectly suited to this material, with just the right blend of authority and approachability. The production quality was broadcast-level - no distracting breaths, clicks, or inconsistent volume. Already looking for more of their work.
RedFeet
ListenBook's dedication to delivering a top-notch experience is evident in every detail. Adjusting the tone of the voice is genius. It's like having a customizable audiobook narrator. The sleek and user-friendly interface makes navigating the app a breeze. It's a pleasure to use.
Green Ghost
I've been able to tackle my reading list like never before, thanks to this app. I never thought I'd enjoy audiobooks as much as I do now – all thanks to this app. ListenBook has turned my audio content into an immersive, personalized, and unforgettable experience. The statistics tracking feature is very useful. ListenBook helps me keep track of my listening time.
CloudFrenzy
ListenBook's versatile controls and playback options have made my study sessions more productive and enjoyable. Thanks to this app, I can enjoy the world of literature without missing a beat in my fast-paced life. Savoring audiobooks without fuss – this app's design is impressive.
Airport Hobo
I'm in awe of how this app has brought new dimensions to my reading experience. Seamless audiobook integration – this app's design is remarkable. Tone adjustment is so cool. It's like customizing the reader's voice to my liking.
RealmRanger
This app's compatibility with various devices ensures that I can enjoy my audiobooks wherever I am. With this app, I've unlocked the secret to reading even on the busiest days. 👩🍳 Turning cooking sessions into culinary adventures, complete with intriguing tales! 🍳🎧 ListenBook's detailed statistics feature helps me keep track of my listening habits. It's amazing to see how much I've learned from all those audiobooks! I love the quick access to settings. It makes tweaking the app so easy.
SunnySnap
I’ve been using ListenBook for months, and it’s been a fantastic experience. The app is lightweight, doesn’t drain my battery, and works perfectly in the background. The equalizer and voice boost features are amazing. Highly recommend! An unobjectionable but unexceptional audiobook experience. The narrator's performance was serviceable and the audio quality was fine, but nothing about the production particularly stood out or elevated the material. It was decent background listening.
Impulsive Flower
ListenBook's support for various audio formats makes it a versatile app for all kinds of audiobook enthusiasts. Audiobook enthusiasts, rejoice! This app is your new best friend. Adjusting playback speed has transformed the way I consume audiobooks. I can tailor the pacing to match my learning style and preferences.
Sir Shark
ListenBook's support for CarPlay and Apple Watch makes it an essential companion for my daily commutes and workouts. It's convenience at its finest! My study sessions are more efficient than ever, thanks to the looping playback and bookmark features.
Crazy Rox
The sound quality is outstanding – it's like having a movie theater in my ears! Sharing audiobooks with friends through AirDrop and Sharing on ListenBook Pro is a social audiophile's dream. Sharing audiobooks with friends through AirDrop and Sharing on ListenBook Pro is a brilliant way to connect. ListenBook's loop and shuffle playback features add versatility to my audiobook listening experience.
Despair
Streamlined audiobook integration – this app's usability is truly impressive. Library organization is simplified with ListenBook. It's easy to keep my audiobooks neat and tidy.
Undergrad Split
ListenBook has turned my ordinary moments into extraordinary adventures through stories. This app's compatibility with various devices ensures that I can enjoy my audiobooks wherever I am.
Scuffs
This app has turned my household chores into moments of intellectual growth. 💪 Doubling the impact of my workouts – exercising and exploring stories, all thanks to this app! 💪🎧 Audiobooks at my fingertips – this app's functionality is a game-changer. The statistics tracking feature is eye-opening. I never realized how much time I spend on audiobooks until now! The app is so easy to use. I was up and running in minutes.
Grotas
ListenBook has given me a renewed appreciation for audio content – it's my new favorite app. ListenBook's seamless audio player has turned my listening sessions into moments of pure delight. The attention to detail is commendable. Artwork and metadata are sorted automatically.
Marshmallow Treat
Precise controls on ListenBook give me complete command over my audio playback. 🎉 My audiobook haven – this app is like a door to endless adventures and knowledge! 📚🔑 Efficiency meets audiobooks – this app's functionality is a true triumph. From novels to speeches, this app's versatility in playing various audio formats has turned my daily activities into enriching listening sessions. What a game-changer! 🌟📚 Sharing audiobooks through AirDrop is a thoughtful and enjoyable way to share my favorite stories with friends and introduce them to new worlds of literature.
Firedog
The ListenBook app is a must-have for anyone who loves to learn and be entertained through audiobooks. With ListenBook, I can explore new genres, learn new topics, and enjoy classic literature with ease. Streamlining my audiobook journey – this app's design is top-notch. ListenBook Pro's noise reduction feature is a true savior for immersive listening, even in busy surroundings. Noise reduction on ListenBook Pro is a revelation. It elevates the audio quality to a new level.
Slinger
The statistics feature in ListenBook adds an element of self-awareness to my audiobook consumption. Easy chapter access and smooth playback. Love this app!
DZE
ListenBook has elevated my audiobook enjoyment to a whole new level – it's a must-have for any audio enthusiast. I can't thank this app enough for making my audiobook experience exceptional. Its intuitive interface and diverse compatibility are a true game-changer. 📱🎧 Supports all my playlists and bookmarks seamlessly. Very convenient. I love how I can adjust the skip intervals. It’s perfect for my listening style.
Playing a wide variety of audio formats
Works on all devices with iOS 13 and newer
Huge amount of features for a small price
Frequent updates to add new features and improve existing ones
Advanced playback controls
Live sound processing
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice and noise reduction
Translated into more than 20 languages
If you love listening to fiction audiobooks, ListenBook has features to make the process easier.
Edit book data: title, author, cover
Use equalizer to make the sound comfortable for you
Adjust the playback speed
Enjoy dark and light app themes
Supported formats: MP3, M4B, AWB, FLAC, OGG audio files and many more (must be DRM free)
Auto-Bookmarks make it easy to find your place
AirPlay support allows redirection of audio output.
VoiceOver support
Dark mode for night owls
Convenient bookmarking system helps you mark the most important places.
Unlimited bookmarks for each audiobook
Put your own cover on the wager
Share your audiobook with friends
Lock-screen control
Customise app with extensive options
Sleep timer with shake to reset, set custom notification sounds, and a few unique options
Auto rewind depending on paused time, customize rewind times to your liking
Removing background noise from recordings made in classrooms and meetings
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice for a better listening experience