Book description
First published in 1980, Street-Level Bureaucracy received critical acclaim for its insightful study of how public service workers, in effect, function as policy decision makers, as they wield their considerable discretion in the day-to-day implementation of public programs. Three decades later, the need to bolster the availability and effectiveness of healthcare, social services, education, and law enforcement is as urgent as ever. In this thirtieth anniversary expanded edition, Michael Lipsky revisits the territory he mapped out in the first edition to reflect on significant policy developments over the last several decades. Despite the difficulties of managing these front-line workers, he shows how street-level bureaucracies can be and regularly are brought into line with public purposes. Street-level bureaucrats-from teachers and police officers to social workers and legal-aid lawyers-interact directly with the public and so represent the frontlines of government policy. In Street-Level Bureaucracy, Lipsky argues that these relatively low-level public service employees labor under huge caseloads, ambiguous agency goals, and inadequate resources. When combined with substantial discretionary authority and the requirement to interpret policy on a case-by-case basis, the difference between government policy in theory and policy in practice can be substantial and troubling. The core dilemma of street-level bureaucrats is that they are supposed to help people or make decisions about them on the basis of individual cases, yet the structure of their jobs makes this impossible. Instead, they are forced to adopt practices such as rationing resources, screening applicants for qualities their organizations favor, "rubberstamping" applications, and routinizing client interactions by imposing the uniformities of mass processing on situations requiring human responsiveness. Occasionally, such strategies work out in favor of the client. But the cumulative effect of street-level decisions made on the basis of routines and simplifications about clients can reroute the intended direction of policy, undermining citizens' expectations of evenhanded treatment. This seminal, award-winning study tells a cautionary tale of how decisions made by overburdened workers translate into ad-hoc policy adaptations that impact peoples' lives and life opportunities. Lipsky maintains, however, that these problems are not insurmountable. Over the years, public managers have developed ways to bring street-level performance more in line with agency goals. This expanded edition of Street-Level Bureaucracy underscores that, despite its challenging nature, street-level work can be made to conform to higher expectations of public service.
Firefly Caramel
I'm grateful for ListenBook's seamless compatibility with a variety of formats β it's a true lifesaver. The app's integration with Apple Watch makes it an indispensable tool for my active lifestyle. With support for various formats, I can finally listen to my diverse audiobook collection.
Shimmy Shammy
ListenBook's compatibility with CarPlay and Apple Watch is a testament to its innovation. I'm amazed at how this app has seamlessly integrated reading into my daily rhythm. πΆββοΈπ§ Walking and listening has never been this smooth β this app's user-friendly interface makes it a breeze to enjoy my favorite stories. ποΈπ The voice boost feature is amazing. It makes every word crystal clear. ListenBook is the best audiobook player Iβve ever used. The app is packed with features like customizable skip intervals, playback speed, and sleep timers. The interface is clean and easy to navigate, making it a joy to use. Five stars!
1st Degree
I've become a more empathetic listener and reader, thanks to the power of audiobooks. πΆββοΈπ Embracing audiobooks as my companions during leisurely walks β nature and narratives, a perfect match! πΆββοΈπ§
Journeyman
Navigating audiobooks seamlessly β this app's design is top-notch. Tone adjustment is such an innovative feature. It adds a personal touch to narration. The app's performance is remarkable β it's fast, stable, and designed to cater to audiobook enthusiasts. It's a pleasure to use. Fairly enjoyable, but forgettable. I didnβt have any major complaints, but I also donβt see myself revisiting this one. It was a decent way to spend a few hours, though.
Nessie Pork
With ListenBook, I can enjoy my audiobooks with enhanced sound quality and personalized settings. As an audiobook enthusiast, I'm in awe of ListenBook's advanced features. The ability to adjust the reader's voice tone is a unique and fun addition. What a delightful listening experience! The narrator's timing was impeccable, knowing exactly when to pause for effect or let the words flow. Their character voices were distinct yet natural - no over-the-top accents or distracting vocal tics. The audio quality was consistently excellent.
Fuzzy Rainbow
Chapters, configurable auto-rewind, and bookmarks on ListenBook keep me in control of my content. π An app that turns house chores into exciting adventures β count me in! π§Ήπ Download via WiFi, WebDAV, iTunes β options galore to suit everyone's preferences.
BloodEater
I can't believe I waited so long to start listening to audiobooks β this app has converted me! π§ My daily chores just got an upgrade! Thanks to this app, I can dive into captivating stories while cooking and cleaning. ππ³
Journeyman
ListenBook has made my daily routines more vibrant and exciting with its immersive features. I love the ability to change the playback pitch. Itβs a unique feature.
Iron Butterfly
Sharing audiobooks with friends is a blast. AirDrop makes it seamless. Perfect for studying with its playback controls and audio filters. Excellent app!
Lord Theus
I'm amazed at how this app's narrators bring characters and stories to life. This app's sleek design and intuitive navigation have made audiobook listening a seamless experience. Audiobook lovers, you need this app in your life. The innovative features, from audio filters to compatibility, enhance my reading journey. ππ§ The statistics feature in ListenBook provides valuable insights into my audiobook consumption habits.
Sexy
Thanks to ListenBook's extensive statistics, I can track my audiobook consumption and celebrate my progress. ListenBook's seamless integration with CarPlay enhances my daily commute, making it a productive and enjoyable experience. I can't imagine a day without this app β it has made my audiobook journey seamless and fulfilling. π Transforming my mundane routine into a captivating journey β thank you, this app! β¨π The app is so well-designed. Itβs clear the developers put a lot of thought into it.
Jack Cassidy
Thanks to ListenBook, I can enjoy my audiobooks without the need for constant synchronization. ListenBook has redefined the way I experience stories, turning every moment into an adventure. With this app, I've rediscovered the joy of literature during my daily walks β it's truly invigorating.
Racy Babe
ListenBook is a game-changer β it plays a wide variety of formats without any conversion needed. Navigating audiobooks with ease β this app's design is user-centric. The app is perfect for multitaskers. I can listen while working out. I've listened to hundreds of audiobooks and this narrator is now in my top 5. Their timing and inflection were masterful. Never a dull moment in the entire performance.
Toxic-oxide
Frequent updates ensure there's always something new and exciting to listen to. This app is my secret weapon for staying entertained during mundane tasks. This app has become my ultimate travel companion, ensuring that I'm always entertained and inspired. I can't get enough of this app β it's like having a personal storyteller in my pocket.
Wild Hair
ListenBook's sleek design and intuitive controls make it my go-to app for audiobooks. π Making each day a new chapter β this app keeps me hooked from morning to night! ππ With ListenBook, downloading audiobooks has become hassle-free, thanks to the various download options. ListenBook has revolutionized the way I consume content. It's like having a personal tutor in my ear. The app is so easy to set up. I was listening to my books in no time.
Demo Zero
This app has made audiobook listening an integral part of my daily routine β it's a habit I cherish. ListenBookβs interface is sleek and user-friendly. Finding and playing my audiobooks has never been easier.
Springheel Jack
π An app that turns house chores into exciting adventures β count me in! π§Ήπ The compatibility with Apple Watch is a huge plus. I can control my audiobooks from my wrist! ListenBookβs interface is clean and intuitive. Itβs a joy to use.
Cosmo
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Chapstick
ListenBook has enriched my life with a diverse range of content, all at my fingertips. π§ Fueling my audiobook addiction with this fantastic app β pure listening pleasure! ππ₯ Audiobook enthusiasts, rejoice! This app's elegant design and robust functionality make it a must-have for anyone who loves to listen on the go. π§π± Adjusting the tone of the narrator's voice is a unique feature that adds a personal touch. The app is perfect for people who love to multitask. I can listen while cooking.
Ella of Light
This app's compatibility with different formats ensures that no audiobook is off-limits β truly impressive. πΌ Workday blues? Not anymore β this app turns my office hours into reading time! π»π π‘ This app truly understands the needs of audiobook enthusiasts β it delivers an effortless and enjoyable listening experience. ππ§
Playing a wide variety of audio formats
Works on all devices with iOS 13 and newer
Huge amount of features for a small price
Frequent updates to add new features and improve existing ones
Advanced playback controls
Live sound processing
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice and noise reduction
Translated into more than 20 languages
If you love listening to fiction audiobooks, ListenBook has features to make the process easier.
Edit book data: title, author, cover
Use equalizer to make the sound comfortable for you
Adjust the playback speed
Enjoy dark and light app themes
Supported formats: MP3, M4B, AWB, FLAC, OGG audio files and many more (must be DRM free)
Auto-Bookmarks make it easy to find your place
AirPlay support allows redirection of audio output.
VoiceOver support
Dark mode for night owls
Convenient bookmarking system helps you mark the most important places.
Unlimited bookmarks for each audiobook
Put your own cover on the wager
Share your audiobook with friends
Lock-screen control
Customise app with extensive options
Sleep timer with shake to reset, set custom notification sounds, and a few unique options
Auto rewind depending on paused time, customize rewind times to your liking
Removing background noise from recordings made in classrooms and meetings
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice for a better listening experience