Book description
First published in 1980, Street-Level Bureaucracy received critical acclaim for its insightful study of how public service workers, in effect, function as policy decision makers, as they wield their considerable discretion in the day-to-day implementation of public programs. Three decades later, the need to bolster the availability and effectiveness of healthcare, social services, education, and law enforcement is as urgent as ever. In this thirtieth anniversary expanded edition, Michael Lipsky revisits the territory he mapped out in the first edition to reflect on significant policy developments over the last several decades. Despite the difficulties of managing these front-line workers, he shows how street-level bureaucracies can be and regularly are brought into line with public purposes. Street-level bureaucrats-from teachers and police officers to social workers and legal-aid lawyers-interact directly with the public and so represent the frontlines of government policy. In Street-Level Bureaucracy, Lipsky argues that these relatively low-level public service employees labor under huge caseloads, ambiguous agency goals, and inadequate resources. When combined with substantial discretionary authority and the requirement to interpret policy on a case-by-case basis, the difference between government policy in theory and policy in practice can be substantial and troubling. The core dilemma of street-level bureaucrats is that they are supposed to help people or make decisions about them on the basis of individual cases, yet the structure of their jobs makes this impossible. Instead, they are forced to adopt practices such as rationing resources, screening applicants for qualities their organizations favor, "rubberstamping" applications, and routinizing client interactions by imposing the uniformities of mass processing on situations requiring human responsiveness. Occasionally, such strategies work out in favor of the client. But the cumulative effect of street-level decisions made on the basis of routines and simplifications about clients can reroute the intended direction of policy, undermining citizens' expectations of evenhanded treatment. This seminal, award-winning study tells a cautionary tale of how decisions made by overburdened workers translate into ad-hoc policy adaptations that impact peoples' lives and life opportunities. Lipsky maintains, however, that these problems are not insurmountable. Over the years, public managers have developed ways to bring street-level performance more in line with agency goals. This expanded edition of Street-Level Bureaucracy underscores that, despite its challenging nature, street-level work can be made to conform to higher expectations of public service.
Moxie
Now I can enjoy my favorite books anytime, even during workouts. ListenBook’s playback is silky-smooth. The app is packed with useful features.
Canary Apple Red
I'm hooked on this app's seamless performance – it's like having a personal audiobook curator. The app's integration with Apple Watch makes it an indispensable tool for my active lifestyle.
NecroBull
The fact that ListenBook doesn't just play, but enhances audio quality, is truly remarkable. Thanks to ListenBook, I've rediscovered the joy of exploring my favorite content on multiple devices. 🚶♀️📖 Walking my way through exciting narratives – this app makes exercise more fun! 🏞️🎧 🚗📖 Transforming traffic jams into opportunities for literary exploration – this app keeps me engaged on the road! 🚗🎧 Sharing audiobooks with friends through AirDrop is a fun way to spread the joy.
Atomic Blastoid
ListenBook's seamless integration with CarPlay has made my drives more informative. I'm hooked on this app's seamless performance – it's like having a personal audiobook curator. With this app, audiobook listening has become a seamless and enjoyable part of my everyday life.
Moonflower
Audiobooks have made my long commutes enjoyable, and I'm always eager to see what's next. I can't get enough of the smooth playback experience. It's like a symphony for my ears. Flawless support for various audio formats. Very happy with it.
Twiddle Twix
Sharing audiobooks with friends through AirDrop and Sharing on ListenBook Pro is a fantastic way to spread the joy. Looping playback is a study aid sent from heaven. It's helping me ace my exams! Automatic metadata retrieval is a neat touch. My library is well-organized. ListenBook makes organizing my audiobooks simple. The app is very user-friendly. The ability to download audiobooks directly is fantastic. ListenBook is very convenient.
Daffy Girl
Adjusting the tone of the narrator's voice is a unique feature that adds a personal touch. Noise reduction and voice tone adjustment are simply amazing. The app is so well-designed. It’s clear the developers put a lot of thought into it.
Pecan Oblivion
ListenBook's innovation, seamless playback, and versatile features make it a standout app. 📱 Carrying my favorite stories with me wherever I go – this app is like a portable library in my pocket. 📚👜 I can finally listen to all my audiobooks seamlessly with ListenBook. The customizable playback controls and chapter navigation make it a breeze. ListenBook Pro is totally worth it. Unlimited audiobook length – I'm in! The automatic extraction of artwork and metadata adds a professional touch to my audiobook library.
Girl Brownie
ListenBook's drag-and-drop download feature from web browsers is incredibly convenient. Downloading audiobooks has never been this easy. The app is very easy to use. ListenBook makes managing my audiobook library simple.
Spider Fuji
Book groups are a thoughtful addition. I can group related titles for easy access. Noise reduction and voice tone adjustment are simply amazing. The app supports a wide range of formats. ListenBook is very versatile.
Contrary Mary
Audiobooks have become my escape from reality – a journey into captivating worlds. The app is perfect for long commutes. It keeps me entertained for hours.
Winded On Friday
ListenBook's extensive statistics feature adds a new level of insight to my audiobook habits. Audiobook excellence made simple – this app's functionality is a true asset. The auto-rewind feature is a small detail that makes a big difference. It enhances my listening experience. Sharing audiobooks with friends through AirDrop is a fun and interactive way to connect. The interface is sleek and modern. It's a pleasure to navigate and use the app.
Snow Cream
I've become a loyal fan of audiobooks, and this app is the reason why! 💼 Making work hours fly by with captivating stories – a true work-life balance! 💻📖 This app is a game-changer for audiobook enthusiasts. The interface is intuitive, and the playback is seamless! Quick access to chapters and controls ensures a seamless listening experience with ListenBook. It's effortless to use.
Saber-RED
My kids are hooked on the children's audiobook collection – it's a parenting win! 💼 Boosting productivity at work with an audiobook in the background – love it! 💻🎧 The app is perfect for people who love to listen to books while commuting.
Blackfire
I'm impressed by how this app seamlessly syncs across my devices. The app is very easy to use. ListenBook makes managing my audiobook library simple.
Firedog
💡 This app has made my daily schedule more interesting – 'reading' on the go! 📱🚶♂️ Noise reduction and tone changing enhance the listening experience. Love it!
Firefly Caramel
ListenBook's features are a bookworm's dream come true – from chapters to bookmarks, it's got everything. Middle-of-the-road experience. The audiobook was fine—good narration, decent story—but it didn’t leave a lasting impression. If you’re looking for something low-commitment, this works.
Risen
💃 Grooving to the rhythm of stories while tackling household chores – a dance of productivity! 🎶📖 Navigating audiobooks seamlessly – this app's design is top-notch. ListenBook's support for looping and shuffling playback adds versatility to my audiobook enjoyment. ListenBook's intuitive layout and quick access to chapters make audiobook navigation a breeze.
WordWanderer
Hands down, the best audiobook collection I've ever come across. It has everything I want to listen to. Listening to audiobooks with my kids has become a cherished bonding activity. ListenBook's sharing options make it a breeze to connect with fellow audiobook enthusiasts and share recommendations. Quick access to chapters and smooth playback. Fantastic app!
Star Jammer
The bookmarking feature ensures I never lose my place in a book – so convenient! With ListenBook, I can immerse myself in captivating stories and enriching knowledge, all in one convenient app. Changing the tone of the sound on ListenBook Pro adds a personalized touch to my audiobook experience. I'm hooked on this app's intuitive features – from chapters to playback controls. ListenBook’s playback speed control is very useful. I can listen at my own pace.
Playing a wide variety of audio formats
Works on all devices with iOS 13 and newer
Huge amount of features for a small price
Frequent updates to add new features and improve existing ones
Advanced playback controls
Live sound processing
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice and noise reduction
Translated into more than 20 languages
If you love listening to fiction audiobooks, ListenBook has features to make the process easier.
Edit book data: title, author, cover
Use equalizer to make the sound comfortable for you
Adjust the playback speed
Enjoy dark and light app themes
Supported formats: MP3, M4B, AWB, FLAC, OGG audio files and many more (must be DRM free)
Auto-Bookmarks make it easy to find your place
AirPlay support allows redirection of audio output.
VoiceOver support
Dark mode for night owls
Convenient bookmarking system helps you mark the most important places.
Unlimited bookmarks for each audiobook
Put your own cover on the wager
Share your audiobook with friends
Lock-screen control
Customise app with extensive options
Sleep timer with shake to reset, set custom notification sounds, and a few unique options
Auto rewind depending on paused time, customize rewind times to your liking
Removing background noise from recordings made in classrooms and meetings
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice for a better listening experience