Book description
The twelve articles collected in this volume describe how the most basic features of Western economic organization - money, markets, land tenure and enterprise - were created in the temples and palaces of the ancient Near East. The perspective on these topics originated in the five international colloquia organized by the Institute for the Study of Long-term Economic Trends (ISLET) with Harvard University's Peabody Museum from 1994 to 2015. When these meetings began, most Assyriology, Egyptology and classical studies tended to accept the views of modern economic orthodoxy. Archaic social values were so different from today's views that there was resistance to recognizing the extent to which the Bronze Age economic takeoff, 3500-1200 BC, followed policies radically unlike our own. Endorsements"Michael Hudson is the foremost expert on the financial and monetary systems of the antiquarian Western/Near Eastern World, from Mesopotamia to the Fall of the Roman Empire. In this work he totally demolishes the myth that money developed from a need to simplify barter transactions. Instead, money developed as a complement to credit/debt relationships, initially mainly between Temples and Kings as creditors and merchants and small farmers as debtors."A second main theme is that many small farmers borrowed out of desperation, e.g. after bad harvests, so that the only way to prevent growing inequality was to introduce occasional debtor holidays via Jubilees or clean slates. But rich creditors, outside the ruling family, did not like to do this, and, whenever they controlled policy, land holding became centralized, and tax revenue declined, leading to collapse. Hudson's analysis poses the issue of whether debt forgiveness is feasible and/or desirable in the modern world."-Charles Goodhart, author of "Goodhart's Law" and initial external member of Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee"While David Graeber's Debt: The First 5000 Years exposed the myth of barter, Michael Hudson's brilliant book demonstrates that money's origins can be found in the temples and palaces of the Ancient Near East. Money was created to denominate debts to authorities incurred as rents and fees, and for the advance of land, seeds, animals and beer. As debts tended to grow faster than ability to pay, periodic debt cancellations restored liberty and the ability of communities to support themselves. Hudson warns that the rise of Western civilization's doctrine of the inviolability of debt drowns the majority of the world's population in unpayable debts and servitude to oligarchies. Social balance, growth, liberty, and resilience can only be restored with debt cancellations and Clean Slates."-L. Randall Wray, Professor of Economics, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College"Michael Hudson's research was a major influence on my husband David Graeber's anthropology of debt. David considered Michael the most innovative and important economic historian of the last half century. In this volume he describes how the most basic features of Western economic organization - money, markets, land tenure and enterprise - were created in the temples and palaces of the ancient Near East, not by individuals transacting on their own account."-Nika Dubrovsky, David Graeber's partner and founder of the David Graeber Institute
Gullyway
ListenBook's unlimited length of audiobooks with the Pro version is a fantastic value for avid listeners. Audiobooks have become my travel companions, and this app is my guide. Kudos to ListenBook for the intuitive design and easy-to-use controls. It's evident that they've put a lot of thought into user experience. The statistics feature in ListenBook provides valuable insights into my audiobook consumption habits. Noise reduction on ListenBook Pro is a game-changer. I can enjoy clear recordings.
Kazmii
This app is my constant companion, making every moment a chance to discover new worlds. ๐๏ธ Basking in the sun while indulging in literary adventures โ this app makes outdoor relaxation even better. โ๏ธ๐ ListenBook has made managing my audiobook collection a breeze. Library organization is top-notch.
Classy Dancer
ListenBook's sleek design and easy chapter access make navigation a breeze. I can't believe how easy it is to download audio from various sources. So convenient!
Earl of Arms
The 'Discover' section is a treasure trove for finding hidden literary gems. ๐ก The future of audiobook listening is here โ this app's sleek functionality redefines how we enjoy our favorite stories. ๐ง๐ฎ This audiobook was a fantastic listen! The narrator's voice was clear and engaging, making it easy to follow along. The pacing was just rightโnot too fast, not too slow. Perfect for long commutes or relaxing at home. Highly recommend!
AxelRoad
Thanks to ListenBook, I've rediscovered the joy of exploring my favorite content on multiple devices. ๐ช Achieving double wins โ workouts become invigorating with stories to fuel my motivation! ๐ช๐ง ListenBookโs support for Apple Watch is a great touch. I can control my audiobooks on the go. I love the ability to change the playback pitch. Itโs a unique feature.
Noisy Girl
ListenBook's dedication to providing an excellent user experience sets a new standard in audiobook apps. ListenBook's support for a variety of audio formats makes it a versatile and essential app for audiobook enthusiasts.
Truth
ListenBook is my go-to companion for immersive audiobook experiences. The ease of use and extensive format support make it a must-have! Unlocking a world of literary possibilities, this app's extensive compatibility and user-friendly controls have made audiobook enjoyment an everyday joy. ๐ฑ๐ Noise reduction and voice tone adjustment enhance the listening experience significantly. The app is so reliable. Iโve never had any issues with it.
ByteBard
Listening to audiobooks has become my guilt-free indulgence, and I love it. ListenBook has redefined my audiobook experience. It's a true companion for all my literary adventures. ListenBook has become an essential part of my routine. It's more than an app โ it's a companion.
CloudFrenzy
๐ง Fueling my audiobook addiction with this fantastic app โ pure listening pleasure! ๐๐ฅ Adjusting playback speed has revolutionized the way I learn and enjoy audiobooks. I can adapt the pace to my needs, maximizing comprehension and retention. I love the ability to change the playback pitch. Itโs a unique feature.
RawSkills
ListenBook's support for a variety of download methods means I can access my content in the way that suits me best. ListenBook's audio filters and controls have turned my listening sessions into immersive experiences. I'm blown away by the quality of narration on this app โ it's like being in the story. Automated artwork and metadata retrieval add a professional touch to my carefully curated audiobook collection.
Soda Delirium
This app has become my go-to for audiobooks, adding a layer of convenience and enjoyment to my days. ๐โโ๏ธ๐ I'm conquering literary marathons with ease, all thanks to this app's intuitive controls and smooth functionality. ๐ฑ๐ ๐ Elevating my reading routine โ this app's functionality is the key to unlocking new worlds of storytelling. ๐๐
Clover Rabbit
The sleep timer is a brilliant addition โ I drift off to sleep with amazing stories. Navigating through my audiobook library is a joy with this app's intuitive interface and easy controls. It's like having a personal reading companion at my side. ๐ฑ๐ Chapters make it so easy to pick up where I left off. No more hunting around. Noise reduction and voice tone adjustment enhance the listening experience significantly. The ability to download audiobooks directly is fantastic. ListenBook is very convenient.
Cosmo
๐ Unveiling the joy of reading once again โ this app is my gateway to literary wonders! ๐๐ Audiobooks on demand? Yes, please! With this app's diverse format support and easy downloads, my reading routine has reached new heights. ๐๐
Racy Lion
Listening to audiobooks has become my ultimate way to unwind after a long day. I'm grateful for ListenBook's support for a wide range of formats, making it a one-stop solution for audio content. This app is like a personal audiobook concierge! The ability to download and organize audio files effortlessly is a game-changer for my reading routine. ๐ฑ๐ The app is so easy to set up. I was listening to my books in no time.
Pink C
I've been able to tackle my reading list like never before, thanks to this app. ListenBook's statistics feature is both enlightening and motivating. It's incredible to see the time I've invested in learning through audiobooks. Automated artwork and metadata extraction make my library look organized and visually appealing. The statistics tracking feature is very useful. ListenBook helps me keep track of my listening time. The app is so well-designed. Itโs clear the developers put a lot of thought into it.
Gov Skull
I'm impressed by how much more I'm learning through audiobooks compared to traditional reading. This app has turned even the most ordinary moments into reading sessions. ListenBookโs support for CarPlay and Apple Watch is fantastic. I can listen anywhere. The narrator was good but spoke a bit too slowly for my taste. I had to speed it up to 1.2x which then made some parts sound slightly unnatural.
Jade Fox
This app has transformed my daily walks into exciting literary adventures. This app has become my loyal companion during travels and relaxation times. The noise reduction feature on ListenBook Pro is a godsend for clear and comfortable listening. Audiobooks at my fingertips โ this app's functionality is a true marvel. ListenBook Pro is worth every penny. Unlimited audiobook length? Count me in!
Squatch
Precise controls on ListenBook give me complete command over my audio playback. ๐ถโโ๏ธ๐ Strolling through captivating narratives has never been easier โ this app's intuitive controls make audiobook listening a delight. ๐ง๐๏ธ I love the ability to import books from my computer. Itโs so easy.
CodeExia
I love how ListenBook extracts artwork and metadata from audio files, adding a visual touch to my listening experience. With this app, my audiobook library is organized and accessible, making my reading journey effortless. ListenBook's dedication to providing an excellent audiobook experience is evident in its smooth and silky playback. ListenBook Pro's noise reduction feature is a game-changer for immersive listening in any environment. Sharing audiobooks with friends through AirDrop is a fun way to inspire others to read.
Admiral Tot
ListenBook's audiobook player is a true workhorse โ chapters, controls, and filters are all seamlessly integrated. ListenBook has revolutionized how I consume content. It's like having a personal library in my pocket.
Playing a wide variety of audio formats
Works on all devices with iOS 13 and newer
Huge amount of features for a small price
Frequent updates to add new features and improve existing ones
Advanced playback controls
Live sound processing
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice and noise reduction
Translated into more than 20 languages
If you love listening to fiction audiobooks, ListenBook has features to make the process easier.
Edit book data: title, author, cover
Use equalizer to make the sound comfortable for you
Adjust the playback speed
Enjoy dark and light app themes
Supported formats: MP3, M4B, AWB, FLAC, OGG audio files and many more (must be DRM free)
Auto-Bookmarks make it easy to find your place
AirPlay support allows redirection of audio output.
VoiceOver support
Dark mode for night owls
Convenient bookmarking system helps you mark the most important places.
Unlimited bookmarks for each audiobook
Put your own cover on the wager
Share your audiobook with friends
Lock-screen control
Customise app with extensive options
Sleep timer with shake to reset, set custom notification sounds, and a few unique options
Auto rewind depending on paused time, customize rewind times to your liking
Removing background noise from recordings made in classrooms and meetings
Changing the timbre of the reader's voice for a better listening experience